Ulangan 4:23-27

4:23 Be on guard so that you do not forget the covenant of the Lord your God that he has made with you, and that you do not make an image of any kind, just as he ¹  has forbidden ²  you. 4:24 For the Lord your God is a consuming fire; he is a jealous God. ³ 

Threat and Blessing following Covenant Disobedience

4:25 After you have produced children and grandchildren and have been in the land a long time, ⁴  if you become corrupt and make an image of any kind ⁵  and do other evil things before the Lord your God that enrage him, ⁶  4:26 I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you ⁷  today that you will surely and swiftly be removed ⁸  from the very land you are about to cross the Jordan to possess. You will not last long there because you will surely be ⁹  annihilated. 4:27 Then the Lord will scatter you among the peoples and there will be very few of you ¹⁰  among the nations where the Lord will drive you.

Yosua 23:15-16

23:15 But in the same way every faithful promise the Lord your God made to you has been realized, ¹¹  it is just as certain, if you disobey, that the Lord will bring on you every judgment ¹²  until he destroys you from this good land which the Lord your God gave you. 23:16 If you violate the covenantal laws of the Lord your God which he commanded you to keep, ¹³  and follow, worship, and bow down to other gods, ¹⁴  the Lord will be very angry with you and you will disappear ¹⁵  quickly from the good land which he gave to you.”

Yosua 23:1

Joshua Challenges Israel to be Faithful

23:1 A long time ¹⁶  passed after the Lord made Israel secure from all their enemies, ¹⁷  and Joshua was very old. ¹⁸ 

Kisah Para Rasul 9:6-7

9:6 But stand up ¹⁹  and enter the city and you will be told ²⁰  what you must do.” 9:7 (Now the men ²¹  who were traveling with him stood there speechless, ²²  because they heard the voice but saw no one.) ²³ 

Kisah Para Rasul 11:4-8

11:4 But Peter began and explained it to them point by point, ²⁴  saying, 11:5 “I was in the city of Joppa praying, and in a trance I saw a vision, ²⁵  an object something like a large sheet descending, ²⁶  being let down from heaven ²⁷  by its four corners, and it came to me. 11:6 As I stared ²⁸  I looked into it and saw four-footed animals of the earth, wild animals, reptiles, ²⁹  and wild birds. ³⁰  11:7 I also heard a voice saying to me, ‘Get up, Peter; slaughter ³¹  and eat!’ 11:8 But I said, ‘Certainly not, Lord, for nothing defiled or ritually unclean ³²  has ever entered my mouth!’

[4:23]  ¹ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 4:3.

[4:23]  ² tn Heb “commanded.”

[4:24]  ³ tn The juxtaposition of the Hebrew terms אֵשׁ (’esh, “fire”) and קַנָּא (qanna’, “jealous”) is interesting in light of Deut 6:15 where the Lord is seen as a jealous God whose anger bursts into a destructive fire. For God to be “jealous” means that his holiness and uniqueness cannot tolerate pretended or imaginary rivals. It is not petty envy but response to an act of insubordination that must be severely judged (see H. Peels, NIDOTTE 3:937-40).

[4:25]  ⁴ tn Heb “have grown old in the land,” i.e., been there for a long time.

[4:25]  ⁵ tn Heb “a form of anything.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, TEV “an idol.”

[4:25]  ⁶ tn The infinitive construct is understood here as indicating the result, not the intention, of their actions.

[4:26]  ⁷ sn I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you. This stock formula introduces what is known form-critically as a רִיב (riv) or controversy pattern. It is commonly used in the ancient Near Eastern world in legal contexts and in the OT as a forensic or judicial device to draw attention to Israel’s violation of the Lord’s covenant with them (see Deut 30:19; Isa 1:2; 3:13; Jer 2:9). Since court proceedings required the testimony of witnesses, the Lord here summons heaven and earth (that is, all creation) to testify to his faithfulness, Israel’s disobedience, and the threat of judgment.

[4:26]  ⁸ tn Or “be destroyed”; KJV “utterly perish”; NLT “will quickly disappear”; CEV “you won’t have long to live.”

[4:26]  ⁹ tn Or “be completely” (so NCV, TEV). It is not certain here if the infinitive absolute indicates the certainty of the following action (cf. NIV) or its degree.

[4:27]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “you will be left men (i.e., few) of number.”

[23:15]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and it will be as every good word which the Lord your God spoke to you has come to pass.”

[23:15]  ¹² tn Heb “so the Lord will bring every injurious [or “evil”] word [or “thing”] upon you.”

[23:16]  ¹³ tn Heb “when you violate the covenant of the Lord your God which he commanded you.”

[23:16]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and you walk and serve other gods and bow down to them.”

[23:16]  ¹⁵ tn Or “perish.”

[23:1]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “many days.”

[23:1]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “the Lord had given rest to Israel from their enemies all around.”

[23:1]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “was old, coming into the days.” This expression, referring to advancing in years, also occurs in the following verse.

[9:6]  ¹⁹ tn Or “But arise.”

[9:6]  ²⁰ tn Literally a passive construction, “it will be told to you.” This has been converted to another form of passive construction in the translation.

[9:7]  ²¹ tn The Greek term here is ἀνήρ (anhr), which is used only rarely in a generic sense of both men and women. In the historical setting here, Paul’s traveling companions were almost certainly all males.

[9:7]  ²² tn That is, unable to speak because of fear or amazement. See BDAG 335 s.v. ἐνεός.

[9:7]  ²³ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. Acts 22:9 appears to indicate that they saw the light but did not hear a voice. They were “witnesses” that something happened.

[11:4]  ²⁴ tn Or “to them in logical sequence,” “to them in order.” BDAG 490 s.v. καθεξῆς has “explain to someone point by point” for this phrase. This is the same term used in Luke 1:3.

[11:5]  ²⁵ tn This term describes a supernatural vision and reflects a clear distinction from something imagined (BDAG 718 s.v. ὅραμα 1). Peter repeated the story virtually word for word through v. 13. The repetition with this degree of detail shows the event’s importance.

[11:5]  ²⁶ tn Or “coming down.”

[11:5]  ²⁷ tn Or “the sky” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”).

[11:6]  ²⁸ tn Grk “Staring I looked into it.” The participle ἀτενίσας (atenisa") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[11:6]  ²⁹ tn Or “snakes.” Grk “creeping things.” According to L&N 4.51, in most biblical contexts the term (due to the influence of Hebrew classifications such as Gen 1:25-26, 30) included small four-footed animals like rats, mice, frogs, toads, salamanders, and lizards. In this context, however, where “creeping things” are contrasted with “four-footed animals,” the English word “reptiles,” which primarily but not exclusively designates snakes, is probably more appropriate.

[11:6]  ³⁰ tn Grk “the birds of the sky” or “the birds of the heaven”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated either “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context. The idiomatic expression “birds of the sky” refers to wild birds as opposed to domesticated fowl (cf. BDAG 809 s.v. πετεινόν).

[11:7]  ³¹ tn Or “kill.” Traditionally θῦσον (quson) is translated “kill,” but in the case of animals intended for food, “slaughter” is more appropriate.

[11:8]  ³² tn Possibly there is a subtle distinction in meaning between κοινός (koinos) and ἀκάθαρτος (akaqartos) here, but according to L&N 53.39 it is difficult to determine precise differences in meaning based on existing contexts. The sentiment Peter expressed is like Ezek 4:14.